Containerization is a technology that’s been around for
a long time, but it’s seen new life with Docker. It
packages applications as images that contain everything needed to run them:
code, runtime environment, libraries, and configuration. Images run in
containers, which are discrete processes that take up only as many resources as
any other executable.
It’s
important to note that Docker containers don’t run in their own virtual
machines, but share a Linux kernel. Compared to virtual machines, containers
use less memory and less CPU.
However, a
Linux runtime is required for Docker. Implementations on non-Linux platforms
such as macOS and Windows 10 use a single Linux virtual machine. The containers
share this system.
Containerization has
enjoyed widespread adoption because of its
- Consistent test environment for development and QA.
- Cross-platform packages called images.
- Isolation and encapsulation of application dependencies.
- Ability to scale efficiently, easily, and in real time.
- Enhances efficiency via easy reuse of images.
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